AlphaBay’s marketplace and forum are also available on the darknet I2P. In July of 2017, a global law enforcement sting known as Operation Bayonet took down AlphaBay’s sprawling narcotics-and-cybercrime bazaar, seizing the site’s central server in Lithuania and arresting its creator, Alexandre Cazes, outside his home in Bangkok. Yet in August of last year, AlphaBay’s number-two administrator and security specialist, publicly known only as DeSnake, suddenly reappeared, announcing AlphaBay’s resurrection in a new and improved form.
If enough markets are taken down, it may eventually become too risky for criminals to remain in business, but in the meantime we must be diligent to protect our assets. Nearly all the darknet markets deal in stolen credit cards, so there are plenty options. Buyers and sellers inconvenienced by the takedown of AlphaBay and Hansa will find their way to one of the many options available today, just as with legitimate retail shops. Unlike in the days of Silk Road, buyers and sellers have many choices today. Formerly, darknet markets used various digital currencies and were just beginning to use Bitcoin as their primary means of trade, according to the McAfee report “Digital Laundry.” Silk Road popularized Bitcoin for darknet markets and it remains the primary currency.
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When AlphaBay first reappeared, Gray and other dark web analysts and users expressed suspicion that DeSnake might be compromised by law enforcement. In early July, multiple computer servers used by the AlphaBay website were seized worldwide, and the site’s creator and administrator—a 25-year-old Canadian citizen living in Thailand—was arrested. AlphaBay operated for more than two years and had transactions exceeding $1 billion in Bitcoin and other digital currencies.
We also expect to see continued sales of stolen data and malware because some markets, especially the smallest, are eager to take on the new business. The relatively new market House of Lions is offering AlphaBay vendors discounts to move their shipments to its platform. These new platforms need established, trusted sellers to bring in more clients.
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“With all of that said you decide for yourself whether you ride the wave with us to the top and beyond,” he wrote in a message to users on the dark web market forum Dread. “I understand if you decide not to but over time you will be proven that we are the original AB and we have never been ‘compromised’ in any way shape or form.” AlphaBay, however, was more diverse than Silk Road, experts say, specializing not just in drugs but also guns, counterfeit ID and payment cards, and other illegal goods. The marketplace also accepted a variety of cryptocurrencies, including bitcoin, Monero and Zcash. AlphaBay was a successor to the notorious Silk Road, a darknet marketplace that specialized in narcotics. Silk Road was shuttered in 2013 after the FBI busted 29-year-old Ross Ulbricht, aka “Dread Pirate Roberts,” in the science fiction section of the Glen Park Branch Library in San Francisco.
Just like other darknet markets, the AlphaBay black market used Bitcoin as an anonymous payment method. However, relative to other darknet markets AlphaBay accepted other cryptocurrencies as well. By the time of AlphaBay’s takedown, the platform’s size was ten times larger than that of its predecessor, Silk Road. AlphaBay reported that it serviced more than 200,000 users and 40,000 vendors. By comparison, the Silk Road dark market—the largest such enterprise of its kind before it was shut down in 2013—had approximately 14,000 listings.
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It was widely considered the biggest online black market for drugs, estimated to host daily transactions totalling hundreds of thousands of pounds after filling the gap left by the takedown of Silk Road in 2013 by the FBI. FBI acting director Andrew McCabe said AlphaBay was 10 times as large as the Silk Road. While Silk Road made its name selling drugs, AlphaBay was prolific in its black market products. In the first six months of 2017, it reportedly sold $5 million worth of stolen credit card numbers alone.
- DeSnake joined the conversation, creating an account with his moniker on September 12, 2021 in attempts to mitigate the marketplace’s potential reputation damage.
- AlphaBay admin bragged about a purchase of a Porsche on the Roosh V forum.
- “These exit scams are one of the risks when conducting business in criminal marketplaces,” especially given the soaring value of a bitcoin, which is currently more than $2,330.
- The servers contained multiple constantly open hot cryptocurrency wallets.
We’ve already seen evidence of customers quickly migrating to new markets, with some struggling to keep up with the influx of users. Hansa, which has been operated by law enforcement since June 20, saw a large influx of AlphaBay users flock to its services. On July 17, law enforcement halted registrations to deal with the large migration. “This is likely one of the most important criminal investigations of the year – taking down the largest dark net marketplace in history.
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“Dark web exit scams are nothing new and are quite common,” according to Rick Holland, head of strategy at Digital Shadows, which tracks open, deep and dark web threats. In connection with the AlphaBay investigation, on July 5, police in Thailand arrested Canadian citizen Alexandre Cazes, 26, operating on an arrest warrant issued June 30 at the request of U.S. authorities, the Bangkok Post reported. Police said that when they arrested Cazes, they also impounded four Lamborghini cars registered in his name and seized three houses, which were collectively worth about $12 million. Launched in December 2014, AlphaBay offered for sale everything from weapons and drugs to healthcare data and counterfeit payment cards, and it boasted 240,000 members. Sign up for your risk-free 90-day trialand see how Flashpoint can provide you with the actionable intelligence your team needs to identify and respond to cyber and physical threats targeting your organization. AlphaBay now uses only Monero cryptocurrency and currently has only two featured listings, both for drugs.
AlphaBay’s dark web site is now accessible not only via Tor, like the original AlphaBay, but also I2P, a less popular anonymity system that DeSnake encourages users to switch to. He repeatedly described his wariness that Tor may be vulnerable to surveillance, though he provided no evidence. In an extended chat interview, DeSnake tells WIRED how he walked away unscathed from the takedown of AlphaBay, why he has resurfaced now, and what his plans are for the resurrected, once-dominant online black market. He communicated with WIRED via encrypted text messages, from a frequently changing series of pseudonymous accounts, after proving his identity by signing a public message with DeSnake’s original PGP key, which multiple security researchers verified. After AlphaBay disappeared from the darknet on July 5, users took to online message boards in a panic, wondering if administrators had absconded with their cryptocurrency as part of some type of “exit scam.”